美国儿科学会：母乳喂养的婴儿具有明显更高的的智力评分

在神经发育方面的研究结果中，母乳喂养与市售婴儿配方奶喂养之间一贯存在差异，不过父母的教育、智力、家庭环境、以及社会经济地位成为了这些研究结果的混淆因素。一项大规模、随机的“促进母乳喂养干预试验” 在修正混淆因素后的研究结果显示，曾得到过母乳喂养的婴儿具有明显更高的的智力评分和教师评级。此外，纯母乳喂养不少于3个月的婴儿会得到更高的智力评分，同时若实行纯母乳喂养3个月以上还会得到更高的教师评级。而在早产儿这一更容易出现神经发育问题的人群中，人乳喂养对长期的神经发育的促进作用尤其明显。 Consistent differences in neurodevelopmental outcome between breastfed and commercial infant formula–fed infants have been reported, but the outcomes are confounded by differences in parental education, intelligence, home environment, and socioeconomic status.The large, randomized Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial provided evidence that adjusted outcomes of intelligence scores and teacher’s ratings are significantly greater in breastfed infants. In addition, higher intelligence scores are noted in infants who exclusively breastfed for 3 months or longer, and higher teacher ratings were observed if exclusive breastfeeding was practiced for 3 months or longer. Significantly positive effects of human milk feeding on long-term neurodevelopment are observed in preterm infants, the population more at risk for these adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. 来源：http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/129/3/e827.full 翻译：http://www.weibo.com/2514526082/zvv2Aev2H