美国儿科学会：纯母乳喂养3到4个月可减少临床哮喘、特应性皮炎和湿疹的发生

纯母乳喂养3到4个月可减少临床哮喘、特应性皮炎和湿疹的发生，在低风险人群中能降低27%的发病率，而对于有确定的家族病史的婴儿，发病率能降低高达42%。无论是有过敏倾向的还是非遗传性过敏症的个体， 对于4个月以后添加辅食的时间和包括食物过敏、特应性皮炎和哮喘在内的过敏风险的关系，不同的研究间存在争议。与此相似，目前尚无令人信服的数据证明，直到6 个月以后才添加容易致敏的食物能具有任何保护效果。但详细分析这一研究可发现一个问题，即在受研究人群中6月龄时采用纯母乳喂养的比率较低。这样一来，在混合喂养的婴儿中考察遗传性过敏症的发展与固体食物添加时机的研究结果，对纯母乳喂养儿可能并不适用。 There is a protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding for 3 to 4 months in reducing the incidence of clinical asthma, atopic dermatitis, and eczema by 27% in a low-risk population and up to 42% in infants with positive family history.There are conflicting studies that examine the timing of adding complementary foods after 4 months and the risk of allergy, including food allergies, atopic dermatitis, and asthma, in either the allergy-prone or nonatopic individual. Similarly, there are no convincing data that delaying introduction of potentially allergenic foods after 6 months has any protective effect.One problem in analyzing this research is the low prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months in the study populations. Thus, research outcomes in studies that examine the development of atopy and the timing of introducing solid foods in partially breastfed infants may not be applicable to exclusively breastfed infants. 来源：http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/129/3/e827.full 翻译：http://www.weibo.com/2514526082/zvv2Aev2H