美国儿科学会：母乳喂养可降低婴儿感染呼吸道感染与中耳炎的风险

婴儿若能得到4个月以上的纯母乳喂养，在1岁以内发生须住院治疗的下呼吸道感染的风险能降低72%。与纯母乳喂养6个月以上的婴儿相比，只经过4到6个月纯母乳喂养的婴儿罹患肺炎的风险增加了4倍。在呼吸道合胞病毒性细支气管炎患儿中，纯母乳喂养4个月婴儿的严重程度（住院的时间长短以及需氧量）比从未接受母乳或混合喂养的婴儿要低74%。 母乳喂养的婴儿患中耳炎的几率比完全以市售配方奶喂养的婴儿降低23%。纯母乳喂养3个月以上可将感染中耳炎的风险降低50%。而纯母乳喂养6个月以上就能减少63%的重感冒以及耳和咽喉部感染。 The risk of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infections in the first year is reduced 72% if infants breastfed exclusively for more than 4 months.Infants who exclusively breastfed for 4 to 6 months had a fourfold increase in the risk of pneumonia compared with infants who exclusively breastfed for more than 6 months.The severity (duration of hospitalization and oxygen requirements) of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is reduced by 74% in infants who breastfed exclusively for 4 months compared with infants who never or only partially breastfed. Any breastfeeding compared with exclusive commercial infant formula feeding will reduce the incidence of otitis media (OM) by 23%. Exclusive breastfeeding for more than 3 months reduces the risk of otitis media by 50%. Serious colds and ear and throat infections were reduced by 63% in infants who exclusively breastfed for 6 months. 来源：http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/129/3/e827.full 翻译：http://www.weibo.com/2514526082/zvv2Aev2H